Beijing, Oslo and Almaty will contest the race to win the right to host the 2022 Winter Olympics, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced on Monday.

The three cities, which in IOC-speak were granted formal candidate status, were the only remaining bidders in the race after the Swedish capital Stockholm, Krakow in Poland and Lviv in Ukraine pulled out.

The IOC's president, Thomas Bach, told reporters that a meeting of the Olympic body's executive committee had "extensively discussed" the bids of Beijing, Oslo and Almaty during a session on Monday.

"These three candidates have totally different approaches in terms of heritage, budget, infrastructure, but all impressed us," he said at the IOC's Lake Geneva-shore headquarters in the Swiss city of Lausanne.

The winner will be announced on July 31, 2015 at an IOC congress in Kuala Lumpur.

The 2018 Winter Olympics will take place in Pyeongchang, South Korea, while the 2014 edition was held in the Russian resort of Sochi.

Bach underlined that the IOC does not have a one-size-fits-all approach to the Olympics.

"The cities are encouraged to produce bids that are best suited to their circumstances. The plans should reflect their own specific vision for how the Olympic Games can benefit their cities and regions to ensure positive, sustainable legacies for their populations. Oslo, Almaty and Beijing have addressed this," he said.

The IOC said that Norwegian capital Oslo's bid centres on youth and aims to build on the highly-regarded legacy of the 1994 Winter Olympics in the town of Lillehammer, as well as seeking to encourage people to embrace a healthier lifestyle.

Kazakhstan's former capital Almaty, which remains the former Soviet republic's economic powerhouse, meanwhile aims to use the Olympics to transform itself into a sports, tourism and convention hub in Central Asia.

If Beijing were to win the bidding race, the Chinese capital would make history as the first city to hold both the summer and winter games, having hosted the 2008 Olympics.

The German city of Munich -- which hosted the 1972 Olympics -- had aimed to claim that crown in 2018 but lost out to Pyeongchang.

The IOC said that Beijing aimed to build on the legacy of 2008, using venues built for those games and also create a winter sports centre for China, providing a springboard for the development of new tourism opportunities. (AFP)