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Russia's Mars probe will crash to Earth in January

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Published : Dec. 18, 2011 - 10:11

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MOSCOW (AP) -- A Russian spacecraft bound for a moon of Mars and stuck in Earth's orbit will come crashing back next month, but its toxic fuel and radioactive material on board will pose no danger of contamination, the Russian space agency said Friday.

Between 20 and 30 fragments of the probe with a total weight of up to 200 kilograms (440 pounds) will survive the fiery plunge and shower the Earth's surface, Roscosmos warned in a statement.

The agency said the unmanned Phobos-Ground spacecraft will plummet to Earth between Jan. 6 and Jan. 19, and the rough area of where the fragments could fall could only be calculated a few days ahead of its plunge.

As of now, it said only that the probe's fragments could rain down anywhere along a broad swath between 51.4 degrees north to 51.4 degrees south, which would include most of land surface.

While the agency had lost contact with the probe following its launch on Nov. 9, this was the first time acknowledged that the $170-million craft has been lost and will come crashing down.

Since its November launch the engineers in Russia and at the European Space Agency have attempted unsuccessfully to propel it away from Earths orbit and toward its target.

Phobos-Ground weighs 13.2 metric tons (14.6 tons), which includes 11 metric tons (12 tons) of highly toxic fuel. Experts had warned that if the fuel has frozen, some could survive entry into Earth and pose a serious threat if it falls over populated areas.

But Roscosmos said it is sure that all fuel will burn on re-entry some 100 kilometers (330,000 feet) above the ground and pose no danger. It said that 10 kilograms (22 pounds) of Cobalt-57, a radioactive metal contained in one of the craft's instruments, will not pose a threat of radioactive contamination.

The Phobos-Ground was Russia's first interplanetary mission since a botched 1996 robotic mission to Mars, which failed when the probe crashed shortly after the launch due to an engine failure. Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos, and the latest spacecraft aimed to take ground samples on Phobos.

It was one of the most challenging unmanned interplanetary mission ever. Scientists had hoped that studies of Phobos' surface could help solve the mystery of its origin and shed more light on the genesis of the solar system. Some believe the crater-dented moon is an asteroid captured by Mars' gravity, while others think it's a piece of debris from when Mars collided with another celestial object.

The failed mission was the latest in a series of recent Russian launch failures that have raised concerns about the condition of the country's space industries. Officials have blamed the failures on obsolete equipment and an aging workforce.

 

<한글기사>

러시아 화성 탐사선 잔해 내달 추락

 

정상 궤도 진입에 실패한 러시아 화성  위 성 탐사선 '포보스-그룬트'호의 잔해가 내년 1월 중순 지상에 추락할 것으로 예상되며, 탐사선 잔해의 무게는 200kg 정도일 것이라고 러시아 연방우주청이 16일(현지시간) 밝혔다.

인테르팍스 통신 등에 따르면 연방우주청 공보실은 이날 "전문가들의 잠정 추산 결과 포보스-그룬트호가 지상에 추락하는 시점은 내년 1월 6~19일 사이"라며  "정확 한 시점은 추락 며칠 전에야 알 수 있을 것"이라고 발표했다.

연방 우주청은 "지상에 도달할 탐사선 잔해는 (대기권과의 마찰에서도)  용해되 지 않은 소재 약 20~30개 정도이며 전체 무게는 200kg 이하가 될 것"이라고  추정했 다. 우주청은 이어 "탐사선의 (유독성) 연료는 대기권 100km 지점에서 모두 연소할 것으로 예상된다"고 덧붙였다.

지난달 9일 오전 0시16분(현지시간) 카자흐스탄 바이코누르 우주기지에서 로켓 운반체 '제니트-2SB'에 실려 발사된 포보스-그룬트는 로켓 운반체와 성공적으로  분 리됐으나 이후 자체 엔진장치가 켜지지 않아 화성으로 가는 궤도에 진입하지 못하고 지구의 중력에 이끌려 서서히 추락하고 있다.