NEW YORK (AP) ― Comic book industry pioneer Jerry Robinson, who helped create Batman sidekick Robin the Boy Wonder and their arch-nemesis The Joker, has died at age 89.

An editor and friend, Charles Kochman, said Robinson was different from most artists in the field because he worked on every kind of comic genre, from political cartoons to theater illustrations.

“Jerry brought a realism to comics ― and a sense of humor,’’ said Kochman, his editor at Abrams Comic Arts, which last year published a book called “Jerry Robinson: Ambassador of Comics.’’

Robinson not only used his fame and position in the industry to serve as its ambassador but also fought on behalf of other artists and creators _ especially to win credit for their work, including the Superman series. Initially, in the 1930s and ’40s, publishers owned the rights and would discard drawings after they were used.

Robinson died in his sleep Wednesday at a hospice in New York where he lived. He was a native of Trenton, New Jersey.

Robinson was only 17 when he was hired by Batman creator Bob Kane. The two had met by chance at a resort in the Catskill Mountains, where Robinson had a summer job selling ice cream. Kane noticed Robinson because he was wearing a white jacket decorated with his own illustrations.

In the early 1940s, Robinson “illustrated some of the defining images of pop culture’s greatest icons,’’ said Jim Lee, co-publisher of DC Entertainment Inc., the parent company of Batman publisher DC Comics.

While Robinson is credited by many comic enthusiasts as the primary creator of The Joker for issue No. 1 of Batman, he and Kane clashed over who was first to dream up the caped crusader’s arch-enemy. In a 1994 interview, Kane said he and writer Bill Finger had come up with the idea and Robinson then produced a joker playing card for inspiration.